Does the programming hardware kit work with Linux?

I am on kernel 3.16 (Ubuntu Gnome 14.10). PROS is not finding the cortex.

I believe so (the USB A-A cable direct to the cortex does not). Do you have the new or old programming kit?

See here for Linux install instructions.
http://purdueros.sourceforge.net/doc/index.htm#Linux

I’m using the new one

What is the new one? I could not understand about the version.

The original programming kit used a USB to 9 pin serial adapter followed by a small square (well, almost) interface box. It needed drivers from prolific. The new programming kit, introduced in 2012, uses a longer rectangular interface box that accepts a USB cable directly. The windows drivers for this are provided by VEX, drivers are not needed for OSX and Linux as it is a USB communication class device and supported by the OS. The new kit also provides power to the joystick although I find this has more drawbacks than benefits.

Old one:

New one: